The Story Of The Terrible Terrorism - 1529 Words

Imagine that you’ve found the love of your life and that you really want to ask â€Å"the question†. First, you need a proper diamond encrusted ring. You spend hours, days looking for the perfect ring, and you finally find it. It’s beautiful, and there’s a guarantee that â€Å"You wont find any other ring like this!† You immediately snatch it up, and bring it back home to hide in your closet. You quickly think about how this might affect your spending habits, but you sit down on the couch and switch on the news. The usual bad things come on; wars in Africa, and you just tune it out. The word â€Å"diamond† is uttered, and your attention quickly snaps to the television. The stories of the terrible terrorism that happens to the innocent villages that mine†¦show more content†¦Diamonds have no smell, and can’t be detected by metal detectors. The only way these diamonds can be found is if every bag is taken completely apart, and this takes an incredible amount of work. (â€Å"Diamonds of War†) These diamonds taken from war zones create mad rushes for power from rebel organizations as well as semi-legitimate governments. The rebel war efforts want to take control of the villages that mine for these diamonds, and numerous amounts of human rights groups want to protect the people living in these villages from becoming slaves. Laying down laws on terrorism in these countries, and stopping these illegal diamonds from making it into commercial hands can prevent this. This has slowly stopped due to organizations like Kimberley Process, who prevent the illegitimate movement of diamonds across borders. (â€Å"Diamondfacts.org†) This mad rush for power can have massive repercussions. In the 1990s, blood diamonds in Sierra Leone alone made up 4% of the world’s rough diamond population. Rebels were using these diamonds to pay for their conflicts. All of these different rebel groups were using one source of diamonds to pay for practically their whole organization. (â€Å"Diamondfacts.org†) Blood diamonds are mined in many African countries. One of these countries is Angola. Angola has seen a lot of conflict over and with these diamonds. From 1975 to 2002, Angola had many civil wars in which rebel forces used these diamonds to pay for ammunition or weapons. Another one

Analysis of Harlem by Langston Hughes - 602 Words

Analysis of Harlem by Langston Hughes Through the turbulent decades of the 1920s through the 1960s many of the black Americans went through difficult hardships and found comfort only in dreaming. Those especially who lived in the ghettos of Harlem would dream about a better place for them, their families, and their futures. Langston Hughes discusses dreams and what they could do in one of his poems, Harlem. Hughes poem begins: What happens to a dream deferred... Hughes is asking what happens to a dream that is being put off. What do these dreams do, do they do good, do they do bad, or do they do neither good nor bad? He continues by stating this simile:Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? Using this simile he is†¦show more content†¦Hughes continues his poem by stating more on dreams that have been put off in lines four and five, he states: Or fester like a sore and then run? Here , Hughes uses a sore as a simile for dreams that have been put off. He wonders if these delayed dreams get worser and worser over time that they just disapear from the person. Hughes continues his questioning by using another simile for postponed dreams, Does it stink like rotten meat? Hughes is trying to convey that over a period of time a person may become so tired of the dream that they have postponed that it would actually start to stink, they would start to hate it, and want to get rid of it just as if someone would want to get rid of a piece of rotten meat. He continues by using another simile for postponed dreams: Or crust and sugar like a syrupy sweet? Here, Langston Hughes states of a dream that could be so good and so sweet, but over time the dream has gotten old and bad just like a syrupy sweet could crust and sugar over time. Hughes advances with another simile for defered dreams: Maybe it just sags like a heavy load Here, Hughes states of a dream that is so huge and farfetched that it could never happen. He ends his poem by saying, Or does it expolode? Langston Hughes relays that deferred dreams can do many things, though they mostly do worse than help you. He is tryng to convey that you really should not postpone your dreams dont setShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Harlem By Langston Hughes1235 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Harlem† by Langston Hughes explains the importance of following your dreams. In the poem, Hughes explains that if you ignore a dream it will slowly get less and less appealing to you until it goes away completely. Hughes writes, â€Å"What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun?† (Lines 1-3). Langston Hughes uses this simile to explain to the reader that your ambitions can’t be forgotten about because they will deteriorate and turn into nothing. Hughes also says, â€Å"Or festerRead More Harlem, An Analysis of a Langston Hughes Poem Essay1405 Words   |  6 PagesHarlem, An Analysis of a Langston Hughes Poem The short but inspirational poem Harlem by Langston Hughes addresses what happens to aspirations that are postponed or lost. The brief, mind provoking questions posed throughout the poem allow the readers to reflect--on the effects of delaying our dreams. In addition, the questions give indications about Hughes views on deferred dreams. Harlem is an open form poem. The poem consists of three stanzas that do not have a regularRead MoreAn Analysis of Langston Hughes Poem Harlem1520 Words   |  6 PagesPoems Harlem by Langston Hughes Thesis statement: Hughes wrote this when Jim Crow laws were still imposing an bitter segregated society in the South. There were still lynchings of innocent African Americans, there was no Civil Rights Movement, there was no Civil Rights legislation yet, and Blacks couldnt eat at lunch counters in the South. Harlem, however, was not at all like the South in terms of blatant, legal segregation. However, racism was very much in place in many places in America. BlacksRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Harlem By Langston Hughes2117 Words   |  9 Pages In the poem â€Å"Harlem† by Langston Hughes, Hughes discusses the fate of the American dream and more specifically, he questions us about the destiny of the dream that never gets realized. He wonders whether it explodes violently or if it just dries up. Forty years later, Tony Kushner explored the fate of the suppressed, exploding dream in â€Å"Angels in America† through the character of Joseph Porter Pitt as he struggles to cope with his own repressed, but surfacing homosexuality, while also balancingRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes And His Harlem Dream1639 Words   |  7 PagesLangston Hughes and His Harlem Dream The 1900s found many African Americans migrating from the south to north of the United States in an event called the Great Migration. Many Southern African-Americans migrated to a place called Harlem and this is where the Harlem renaissance originated from. The Harlem renaissance began just after the first world war and lasted into the early years of the great depression. Harlem became the cynosure for blues and jazz and birthed forth a Negro Artist era calledRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s Poem Harlem Sweeties 2195 Words   |  9 Pages From â€Å"Mother to Son† to â€Å"Harlem Sweeties†, Langston Hughes uses various themes and poetic structures within his writing. Hughes writing style consisted of the black pride and strength of the black community that would later be considered as the â€Å"driving force† behind The Harlem Renaissance. His poems and short stories seemed to evoke a feeling of hopefulness, pride and self- realization. He wrote song lyrics, essays, autobiographies and plays however, his multi-dimensional style of writing consistedRead MoreReoccurring Themes in the Work of Langston Hughes Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesLangston Hughes is an extremely successful and well known black writer who emerged from the Harlem Renaissance (â€Å"Langston Hughes† 792). He is recognized for his poetry and like many other writers from the Harlem Renaissance, lived most of his life outside of Harlem (â€Å"Langston Hughes† 792). His personal experiences and opinions inspire his writing intricately. Unlike other writers of his time, Hughes expresses his discontent with black oppression and focuses on the hardships of his people. Hughes’Read MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s Poem I, Too978 Words   |  4 Pages Langston Hughes America, the ideals of freedom, equality, and opportunity traditionally held to be available to every American. This is what everyone was told, what the Declaration of Independence states. But, Langston Hughes a black American poet in the Harlem Renaissance period saw the truth. Being an African American in the United States during the early 1900’s was difficult. Many lived a life full of hardships; segregation, prejudice and economic hardships, viewed as second-class citizensRead MoreLangston Hughes : A Modernist1222 Words   |  5 PagesSappington 13 Apr. 2017 Langston Hughes: A Modernist Credited as being the most recognizable figure of the Harlem Renaissance, Langston Hughes played a vital role in the Modernist literary movement and the movement to revitalize African American culture in the early 20th century. Hughes’s poems reflect his personal struggle and the collective struggle of African Americans during this cultural revival. Langston Hughes’s life contained key influences on his work. As a child, Hughes witnessed a divorceRead MoreLiterary Analysis of Langston Hughess A Dream Deferred1028 Words   |  4 Pagespublished, and circulated, analysis of the poem must take place. It unveils and discusses the themes, figures of speech, word placement, and flow of the piece, and A Dream Deferred, is no exception. In Langston Hughess poem, A Dream Deferred, the theme is that no really knows to dreams if they are not reached, and very realistic figures of speech help convey this idea; the poem can be surprisingly related to Mr. Hughess life through the subtitle and quotes from Langston himself. The meaning of

Perceptions Of Workload Free Essays

Introduction The purpose of this research paper is to investigate and explore how academic workload is perceived by students, particularly those of Master’s level study, and how it is in contrast with the perceptions of teachers. The paper will begin by stating research questions on the grounds of which the entire research methodology will be formed. It will be followed by a brief account of factors that determine a students’ estimation of workload and how they shape their perception along with a review of how teachers evaluate the academic capabilities of their students and what their opinions are regarding workload. We will write a custom essay sample on Perceptions Of Workload or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the last few decades, there has been increasing concern among the educationalist circles regarding students’ academic workload. In this digital age, there is a great pressure on curriculum designers to incorporate content regarding new developments so that university graduates have an enhanced understanding of latest technologies and modern concepts (Kember Leung 1998, p.293). However, it poses a challenge for them to design such curricula that fulfils the demands of modern learning methodologies and does not overburden students. For many students, the size of the workload they are expected to take on is one of the most crucial factors that determine their engagement with a particular course. Although both teacher’s and student’s acknowledge and accept that academic workload must be appropriate, it is a disturbing fact that there is no standard measurement criteria of assessing a student’s workload and this is one of the biggest causes of an obvious contrast in the perceptions of workload of a teacher and that of a student. Nearly all course grading forms comprise of at least one element that taps students’ opinions about whether the amount of work assigned is suitable and realistic (Silverman 2001, p.117). Their perceptions regarding one or both may greatly vary from those of the teacher because he or she may consider the workload as appropriate but the student may not. Even if the instructor rightly evaluates it, it counts for very little as students do the rating. Students’ workload perceptions are also strongly related to the amount of time they spend studying individually and in teams, especially when the workload is measured in terms of number of hours given to studies. Since the learning environment is one of the essential variables that determines workload, hence group learning and individual learning have visible influence towards a student’s ability of handling workload and ultimately on their perceptions (Burdett 2009). Keeping this context in view, our research study will be addressing the following research questions: To what extent student’s perception of workload and teacher’s opinions differ from each other in today’s academic scenario Do Students’ perceptions’ regarding workload affect the quality of their learning Are these perceptions changing with time Research Methodology Factors that Constitute Workload Major factors that comprise workload include quantity of assignments, amount of time spent in class, expected academic results, group activities, required material reading, assessment tasks, research and writing tasks and the number of hours spend studying (Tampakis Vitoratos 2009, p. 2). Factors that Shape Student’s Perception According to a research article by David Kemberfi, student’s perception of workload is largely formed by the learning environment which form their approach towards learning, the nature of their relationship with the instructor, kind of content (poorly or perfectly written) and individual experiences and capabilities (2004, p.2). Factors Associated with Group Work Even though group work provides students with an opportunity to engage in effective learning practices and share their ideas, skills and knowledge, it is also an established fact that not all students take team work positively. Therefore, the popular assumption among teachers that group work evokes interest and enhances productivity and problem solving abilities among students is not valid. Since each student sees group work in a different way, majorly owing to his past experiences and his capability of producing well in a group or individually, it also shapes students perception of workload (Elliott Higgins 2004). For instance, those students who don’t take team work positively perceive it as an extra workload, as compared to those who take group assignments confidently. In order to find out the answers to our research questions, we conducted research and the data was obtained through a carefully designed questionnaire. The questionnaire that was to be distributed to the sample students contained simplistic questions that were developed for finding out their perceptions about workload, what the indicators of realistic workload are and appropriate workload, how would they rate their workload on a likert scale from ‘little’, ‘too much’ or ‘appropriate’. Furtermore, they were asked to describe what heavy workload costs them and how it affects their academic progress. A sample of 10 instructors teaching various MSc related courses was taken along with a sample of 100 students enrolled in similar courses. Perceptions of the teachers are obtained through personal interviews while students were given the questionnaire. Research Findings Most of the students rated their workload as ‘too much’ while several considered it appropriate. However none of the student ranked the workload as being a ‘little’. By carrying out a thorough analysis of the answers, the following outcomes were acquired. There exists a strong relation between a student’s learning quality and interest in a certain course, and nature of workload he/she has to deal with. Also students’ views about workload influence their behaviour towards learning and thus their academic progress. Many students, who experience heavy workload, tend to get stressed and anxious which affects their learning skills psychologically. On the other hand, the interviews with professors revealed that many teacher’s judge a student’s intellect and knowledge of the concepts and ability to apply them by assigning term papers, writing tasks and the results of assessments at frequent intervals. Student’s concern about workload has been increasingly growing, a fact that is yet to be studied by empirical researchers. This is due to the rapidly changing lifestyle, work-study routine and involvement in other non-academic activities. Additionally, factors such as poor teaching methodologies, student-teacher relation and level of communication between students and instructors and high expectations greatly influence student’s perception of workload (Dee, 2007, p. 69+). More than 60 percent of the students claimed that intense workload makes the course confusing and have experienced of loss of interest in the subject. It was also observed that there is a critical difference between a teacher’s estimate of workload and a student’s estimate. This is due to the fact that there are no fixed criteria of evaluating academic workload in educational institutions and thus the curricula designers within higher education often fail to design programs to keep an overview of the real perspectives of students. Conclusion From the given research study, the connection between student’s interest, learning quality and workload has been established. Since it plays a huge part in motivating or demotivating students towards achieving their academic goals, teachers as well as curricula designers should investigate their student’s thinking regarding workload and craft a program strategy that is aligned with their perspectives. Instructors must also adopt interactive and interesting ways of assigning learning tasks so that student’s concentration and interest does not drop. This can be done by effectively communicating learning outcomes so that’s students see and can relate to the benefits of the project in the context of their career of future study. Teachers must also remember that the sole aim of assessments is to determine a student understands of the given topic and not as punishment. As such, overloading students with examination dates can have adverse effects on studentâ€⠄¢s performance. References Burdett, J., 2009. Predicting satisfaction with group work assignments, Journal of university teachings learning practices, 6(1), pp. 1-13. Dee, K. C., 2007. Student perceptions of high course workloads are not associated with poor student evaluations of instructor performance, Journal of Engineering Education, 96(1), pp.96. Elliott, N Higgins, A., 2004. Self and peer assessment – does it make a difference to student group workNurse education in practice, 5 (1), pp. 40-48. Kember, D Leung, D. Y. P., 1998. Influences about student’s perception of workload, Educational Psychology, 18(3), pp. 293. Kemberfi, D., 2004. Interpreting student workload and the factors which shape students’ perceptions of their workload, Studies in higher education, 29(2), pp. 1-20. Silverman, F. H., 2001. Teaching for tenure and beyond: Strategies for maximizing your student ratings, Westport: Bergin Garvey. Tampakis, A. Vitoratos, E., 2009. Estimation of students workload: Correlation of teaching and learning methods with examination results, a case study, www.emuni.si/Files/Denis/Conferences/EMUNI_HE-R/Proceedings/Papers/67.pdf [accessed 23 May 2012]. Further Reading Askun, C.S., 2007. Relationships between students’ level of effort and course perceptions in a blended learning environment, Indiana University, Bloomington. Frey, N., Fisher, D. Everlove, S. 2009. Productive group work, ASCD, Alexandria, VA. Jones, R., 2009. Physical ergonomic and mental workload factors of mobile learning affecting performance of adult distant learners: Students perspectives, ProQuest, Parkway. Rabie, S., 2007. Medical students’ perceptions of the utility of concept mapping, ProQuest, Ann Arbor, MI. How to cite Perceptions Of Workload, Essay examples

Cells and Their Parts Essay Example For Students

Cells and Their Parts Essay Cells are some of the smallest organisms around, All living things consist of cells, and yet they are invisible to the naked eye. Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life. Cells are made up of many different parts which allow them to function properly. All cells are separated from their surrounding by a cell membrane. The cell membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell and also aids in the protection and support Of the cell. A cell membrane is similar to the walls surrounding your house. In plants the cell membrane is surrounded by a cell wall. The cell wall is outside he cell membrane, and its purpose is to help the membrane protect and support the cell. Since the cell wall is very porous, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other substances can pass through easily. A cell wall is similar to a fence around your house, because it helps protect other things from getting inside the In many cells there is a the nucleus, which was first described by Robert Brown. If a cell does or does not have a nucleus has been used by scientists to divide cells into two general categories. The two categories are Eukaryotic, which are cells with a nucleus, and Prokaryotic, which are cells without a nucleus. The nucleus has been found to be the information center of the cell and contains DNA, It also directs all activities that occur in a living cell. Its like a mini me of the heart and brain of a human body. Most nuclei contain a small area called the nucleolus that is made up of RNA in which ribosome are made. The DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells is attached to proteins and forms chromosomes. Chromosomes contain the genetic information that must be passed to each new generation Of cells. Chromosomes are What you pass on to your children to make them who they are, its the DNA of a cell. The cytoplasm is the area between the nucleus and the cell membrane. The cytoplasm contains many important structures. This area is basically the main place where you will find structures that help the cells stay alive. Mitochondria is an importance structure that lies in the cytoplasm area. Mitochondria is the plural word for mitochondria, which is the key organelle that converts energy from one form to another. Mitochondria changes the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use, The mitochondria contains two special membranes. The outer membrane surrounds the organelle, and the inner membrane has many folds that increase the surface area of the mitochondria. Ribosome are the structures in which proteins are made. Cells that are active in protein synthesis are often crowded with ribosome. Ribosome are composed of RNA and protein. Some ribosome are attached to the membranes, and some are free in the cytoplasm. Ribosome are among the smallest of organelles. They are no larger than 25 manometers in diameter. A nanometer is equal to one billionth of a meter. Many cells are filled with a complex nonvoter of tube like things known as the endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum transports materials through the inside of the cell. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum. In the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, the walls of the channels looks smooth and do not have particles or granules. The other form is involved in the synthesis of proteins. This form is called the rough endoplasmic reticulum, because the ribosome that are stuck to its surface give it a rough appearance. The endoplasmic reticulum delivers many types of proteins to the Googol body, The function of the Googol body is to coat protein with a molecular layer that allows the protein to leave the cell. .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791 , .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791 .postImageUrl , .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791 , .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791:hover , .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791:visited , .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791:active { border:0!important; } .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791:active , .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791 .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufd3aaf31b4975d9b59527225910d7791:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Soul Searching EssayLissome are small membrane bordered structures that contain chemicals and enzymes necessary for digesting certain materials in the cell. Lissome are formed by the Googol apparatus. Plant cells do not have lissome. Many cells contain sallies structures, called vacuoles that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates. In many plants cells there is a single large central vacuole filled With liquid. The pressure of the liquid-filled vacuole in these cells makes it possible for plants to grow quickly and to support heavy Structures such as leaves and flowers.

Socialized Medicine Essays (1775 words) - Health Economics

Socialized Medicine Socialized medicine is a service owned by all citizens and is present in many countries. How does it work and what does it do for a nations economy? One of the biggest fears most people have is becoming sick or injured, and the problem for them is paying for it. Under socialized medicine people would receive health care, regardless of their ability to pay. Everyone would be taken care of without worry of how they would pay for their care. The World Health Organization, part of the United Nations, says that, "health care is a fundamental human right." The benefit of national health care would be potential for people to live longer lives. Costs would be driven down because doctors, nurses, and other health care providers would become civil servants. "Another benefit would be that malpractice suits would decline, because it is very difficult to take legal action against the government" (Carol 1994). Economics is the biggest factor in whether socialized medicine is good or bad for a nation's economy. The United States, to a point, has socialized medicine with Medicare, Medicaid, Veterans Administration Federal medicine, and health departments. The National Center for Public Policy Research said that, "In 1990 the government shared 42 percent of the health and gained over 50 percent of health care in 1992 as expenses begin to rise." In 1993 health care expenditures consumed 13.9 percent of the Gross Domestic Product and 15.6 percent in 1995 according to the Heritage Foundation. "Typically, people mistakenly blame rising costs on drug manufacturers, insurance companies, physicians, and hospitals. But the rapid growth in medical expenses is rising due to the rise in medical services needed" (Oatman 11-34). As the government attempts to establish health care, hospitals are being overburdened with minor and unnecessary uses of health care services. These have caused emergency rooms to be filled with treating common colds, headaches, and minor scrapes. Medicare is said to be useless by the year 2002, just 8 years before 77 million baby boomers begin to retire. "The only way that the country could continue is to raise taxes severely" (Oatman 40). The supporters of national health care are Canada, Great Britain, France and Germany. All are suffering from severe budget and service problems. They are all losing their best and brightest doctors to the free market systems of the United States. These health care systems have a two-class system. The rich in these systems use private hospitals with private insurance to receive the levels of health care that the average American receives (Peikoff 1994). In Canada, the national health care system is facing many problems. Many hospitals have been closed to cut costs, and proof of this is shown in the amount of Canadian health care workers in the United States. Robert Bourassa, former Premier of Quebec, after discovering that he had melanoma, flew to Washington D.C. for further consultation at the National Cancer Institute. Former Cabinet Minister, John Moore, in charge of British National Health Service, checked himself into a private hospital for treatment of pneumonia. "The British Royal Family has such faith in their health care system, that they are all treated in private hospitals. Socialized medicine is such a failure, even government officials admit to it by their actions" (Mc Cuen, 1988). When health care starts being a right, the medical profession will not be as wealthy, and the quality of medical care will be decreased. Under the traditional American health care system a person has the right to health care if one can afford it, if you earn it by your own actions and efforts. But no one has the right, just because they want or need it. Pierre says that one is born with a moral right to hair care and the government should provide that free of charge. As a result, people show up everyday for an expensive new styling, the government pays out more and more, and barbers love their new huge incomes. Would you even think that a hairstylist could possibly even come close to making as much money as a doctor or nurse? These are not quite the actual standings but close enough for concern. There are also free hair implants, eyebrow plucks, breast implants, nose

Culture and Self Cultural Specifics

Culture and Self Cultural Specifics Psychological specifics of an individual depend on a variety of factors, starting with the peculiarities of the early parent-child relationships to the role that the specified individual is used to playing in the mini-society at home, at school or at work. However, by far the most influential element that shapes the process of psychological analysis and at the same time makes it more complicated is the cultural specifics.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Culture and Self: Cultural Specifics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ying Zhu and Shihui Han explore the ways in which the cultural differences in self shape the philosophical, psychological and scientific concept of self in their article â€Å"Cultural Differences in the Self: From Philosophy to Psychology and Neuroscience.† In their turn, Kwang-Kuo Hwang and Jeffrey Chang take the problem even further, exploring the problems related to self-cultivation in th e setting of a Confucian society in their research â€Å"Self-Cultivation Culturally Sensitive Psychotherapies in Confucian Societies.† Although both authors provide a fairly detailed account of the way in which cultural background and the development of self are intertwined, the latter research seems to focus on the application of the findings related to the sphere of culture and self, while the former research establishes the links between the two elements, making the case for creating a branch of psychology that studies the effects of culture on the changes in one’s identity. Like any other studies, the given researches both have their strong and weak aspects. To start with, it is necessary to admit that both studies offer a very detailed account of the background research that needed to be conducted to provide a theoretical basis for the papers. For example, it is rather impressive that the study by Zhu and Han offers not one, but several approaches towards philoso phical implications of self based on philosophical thinking, cognitive processing and neural basis of a human mind. In its turn, the study by Hwang and Chang consider self from three perspectives offered by Confucius, i.e., the relational self (the self and society), authentic self (the self considered as a separate phenomenon) and the nonself (i.e., the state of nirvana).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More By offering a full analysis that includes the consideration of every element in the existing nomenclature of the subject in question, the papers offer an objective evaluation of what self is and how self-cultivation can help one reach the state of enlightenment. It is necessary to mention, though, that each of the papers also has its weak points. In Hwang and Chang’s study, the weakest point comes when the authors come to describing the research methodology. Offering little to no information concerning the methods used in the study, they make their paper look weaker. Zhu and Han’s paper could also use some improvement, especially when it comes to discussing cultural differences – the researchers ought to have offered several examples from different cultures. Nevertheless, each of the researches comes as a strong, solid statement concerning the phenomenon of self. Therefore, it can be considered that both researches offer a very clear and thorough study of the way in which the concept of self is related to the cultural background. As it has been mentioned previously, the research conducted by Kwang-Kuo Hwang and Jeffrey Chang seems the continuation of Ying Zhu and Shihui Han’s study, since the latter prove that there is a link between the two, while the former introduce a new concept of self-cultivation and, which is even more important, analyze the effect of the given phenomenon on the Confucian society. Two interesting vie ws on the way in which cultural background shapes people’s self, these studies are of great significance to the development of psychology.

Rhetoric Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Rhetoric Paper - Essay Example What then were the odds of a black society infringing on a white society’s copyrights stand of winning a legal battle against the latter if the case was heard by an all- white jury? The answer to the question would obviously be very slim if any. Past Imperial Potentate Caesar Blake, Jr. and his Black Shriners fought such a battle and won. The win remains embalmed in the Masonic history and is celebrated every year as the Jubilee day. Freemasonry is one of the World's largest and oldest men’s fraternity. The fraternity has its roots on the middle ages guilds established by stonemasons who constructed the great cathedrals and castles of medieval Europe. Modern Freemason fraternities use the traditions, tools and terminologies to symbolize building men’s. Though many claim that the group is secretive, the freemasons themselves dispute this and claim that even though they exhibit high levels of discipline, no society of their size could be secretive (Shriners). In th e United States freemasons are in two distinctive societies based on their race; the White masons and the Black masons. The masons refer to themselves as Shriners. They claim to be a fraternity based on fun and fellowship and upholding the Masonic principles of relief, truth and brotherly love. The White Masonry society was established in 1872 with an aim of being a source of fun and to extend charitable actions through their activities. The fraternity these Masons established was referred to as the Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine and was exclusively for the Whites. In 1893 the Black Masons created their own Shrine society which they referred to as the Ancient Egyptian Arabic Order (AEAONMS) also referred to as Prince Hall Shrinedom. Both societies called their chapters "temples†. The term "imperial potentate† was used by both groups to refer to their leader. This paper suggests that the Rhetorical Skills of the Past Imperial Potentate Caesar Blak e had a Big Role in Winning the Legal Tussle with the White Shriners. The paper also looks into the issue of administration of the Black Masonic Society and comes to the conclusion that the success of the same during the early 20th Century can also be partially attributed to the rhetorical skills of their leader ( Shriners home page). However, the paper is of the opinion that there were many other factors that led to the success of the Black Shriners. It is also imperative to consider the fact that other side of the legal battle had skilled orators too. The paper therefore concludes that rhetoric is not enough to win a cause. Action must support the rhetorical skills for any cause to succeed Historical background Jubilee Day Both Masonic groups coexisted harmoniously, in some cases in the same cities with each carrying its activities without the other’s interference for at least twenty years. However, the harmony between them broke with the White masons claiming that the Blac k masons had imitated their name, emblems, regalia and titles. The discontent within the White group culminated into a lawsuit in 1914 by a White Georgia Mason’s lodge which sought for orders to restrain the Black Masons from using the same. A similar lawsuit was raised in Arkansas. The matter reached the United States Supreme Court when a White Mason group in Houston sued

Economic Analysis of Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Economic Analysis of Pollution - Essay Example Many individuals as well as international organisations have been involved in advocating for ethical ways of conducting human activities geared towards mitigating the effects of these activities to the environment. It is important to consider the fact that, economists have also been involved in this advocacy. This paper contrasts the relative merit of taxes, legal regulatory limits and tradable emissions in controlling pollution using an economic analysis. Taxes In an economics perspective, taxes can be used as mechanisms or tools for the control of pollution. Levies known as green taxes can be imposed in an attempt to prevent and as well mitigate the consequences of pollution. These taxes can also be referred to as environmental taxes. In definition, green taxes are defined as levies and can be imposed on industries and countries or nations that produce high levels of emissions. The extent of damage to the environment is a significant factor in considering and determining the amount of levies that a country should impose. Unleaded petrol and use of vehicles amounts to the highest levels of environmental pollution hence industrialised countries generate a higher amount of revenues from taxes imposed on these commodities. Commodities that have less impact on the environment in terms of emissions generate low or decreased amounts of revenue. Emissions in terms of green taxes are easier to monitor and quantify as compared to tradable permits (Norregaard and Reppelin-Hill, 2000). Imposing green taxes in these developed and industrialised countries have significantly contributed to the decrease in the amount of emissions that leads to the warming of the environment. In the industrial sector, green taxes have focused on levies imposed based on the amount of carbon dioxide produced by a specific industry. Due to the fact that it is very hard to quantify the amount or level of carbon dioxide produced by a certain industry, estimates are used. The higher the carbon diox ide produced and released to the atmosphere, the higher the taxes. This helps in discouraging industries to use fuels that generate large volumes of gases particularly carbon dioxide and subsequently adapt cleaner sources of energy. Studies done over the recent past have indicated the fact that imposing green taxes can change consumption patterns of most commodities. Imposing high taxes on unleaded petrol force individuals to change to cleaner fuels as they attract fewer taxes. This in the long run cuts significantly the amount of dangerous gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Taxes and tradable permits have divergent merits. According to Norregaard and Reppelin-Hill (2000:7), â€Å"Taxes minimise ex-post efficiency losses if the marginal cost function is steeper than the marginal damage function, while tradable permits are better if the damage function is steeper† Tradable permits Some countries some as the US have adapted the incorporation of tradable permits in the fight against environmental pollution. In contrast to green taxes, permits do not attain better and enhanced results on pollution control as they encourage industries to connive. In general, tradable permits are used with the main objective of managing and regulating the use of substances that contribute to increase in the level of emissions in the atmosphere. It is important for countries adapting this system to ensure they assess the significance and objective of these tradable permits and the benefits they will bring to the management of the environment. Plans of actions also need to be implemented to observe and monitor these emissions to the atmosphere. Permits should not be granted in a manner that would lead to

Chinese communication development reading response Essay

Chinese communication development reading response - Essay Example rs from the country side moving to industrial regions, which has made China one of the world’s premier ICT production hub and turned ICT manufacturing into China’s largest exporting sector. It is evident from the article that this growth in ICT has been driven by integration of transnational capital attracted to China by fiscal incentives and modern infrastructure in these industrial zones, which has encouraged the formation of joint ventures with private Chinese enterprises. However, the Chinese state has begun to face significant challenges in controlling these peasant workers, especially as the global economic crisis of 2008 led to labor resistance among the changing working class, which has turned to collective action that has raised awareness of labor rights (Hong & Wei, 2014). The authors conduct an in-depth exploration into how the export-processing regime in China has evolved since the market reforms of the late 70s, which has been specifically evidenced by the growth in manufacturing of information and communication technologies. Turing to media and telecommunication operations, which also underwent significant reforms as a result of the market reforms, it may be concluded from the author’s arguments that they have played a critical role in the creation of China’s commanding heights economy (Hong & Wei, 2014). This economy is characterized by the state maintaining control over the media’s ideological direction, while private capitalists take care of distribution and production operations. Indeed, whereas the export production sector in China was mainly driven by foreign, transnational capital, the Chinese state has maintained its control over the media and telecommunications sector. Moreover, although, as the authors note, the medi a and telecommunications sectors has been one of the most successful economic sectors in China’s dramatic economic growth, these sectors continue to pose the biggest risk of crisis for the Chinese state authorities

Impact of Digital Technologies on the Creative Industries

Impact of Digital Technologies on the Creative Industries Anna Bonello Discuss the impact of digital technologies on the creative industries, with special focus on one sector. Give at least two example The worldwide blast of digital technologies has had an impact on creativity, innovation and business models found in the creative industries. On the contrary of the 20th century which was known for mass-consumption, the 21st century is highly likely to represent mass-innovation through the introduction of digital tools. In figure 1 below, we can see a representation portraying the effect that digital technologies left on the creative industries. Furthermore we can also analyse the evolving relationship that exists between the producers/ designers and consumers/ user. In this representation we can also see a list of sectors which form part of the creative industries. From this list I am going to focus on filmography and analyse how Digital Technology had an impact upon the Filmmaking Process. (Pinder, 2015) Digital Technology with regards to filmography did not evolve the production process as a whole but rather it evolved in different segments.Therefore in this essay the production process will be refer to as the pre-production, production, post-production, distribution and exhibition of film. Although some might argue that some sectors of the movie industry are dying one should keep in mind that the industry is shifting and moving towards two pillars: higher-quality visual and sensorial experiences in the theatre. (Lhooq, 2012) Pre-Production Before a film is even made, in the pre-production phase, software and packages that help in writing the script of the production, like Final Draft and Movie Magic, prove that digital is also being exploited at such an early stage. Such software are software used to write and format a production so as to be able to reach the level set by the film industry. Such packages has been on the market long before the notion of digital filmmaking came about. Production Digitalcamerasare much like Polaroid cameras in the sense theygive thefacilityto capture images and see themstraightaway. Furthermore, digital technology is also helpful toother departments in filmography such asmake-up and wardrobe. These departments have the ability to capture hundreds of images for later review without the need to rely on expensive and unpredictable Polaroid still. Digital cameras bring about a lot of economic and environmental advantages this is because throughout the whole production of a film the reduction of unused photos is significant. In addition there are other advantages that arise from digital technology over tradition film such as video playback. It is for a fact that digital technology gives filmmakers more flexibility and control over their work.Robert Rodriguez in the article by Corliss states that writers and directors, shoots and cuts their production while managing special effects from their own home. He also admits that he shot his Sin City actors in front a green screen, then, he edited the backgrounds using digital technology. (Corliss, 2006, 38) It is not only the large production houses who are taking advantage of digitaltechnologybut ‘guerrilla filmmakers’ are also making huge advancements in the production of their films. These filmmakers are using to the utmost digital technology so as to produce production similar to the ones of the huge production houses. An example of a guerrilla filmmaker is Perry Ogden, who is the director ‘PaveeLackeen: The Traveller Girl’ (2005). The camera he used was a Sony PD150 camera and made use of digital technology in many ways including the following: Most of his shots were improvised upon 130 hours of MiniDV. He shot his film in continuous long takes. This technique would not have been possible with traditional magazines of film. The film was shot over a period of nine monthsdiscontinuously. Production houses would want to hire crew for a fixed period of time and thus the film would have to be shot continuously over a small period of time. Ogden claims that it was not accidental the image lacked resolution but that he was inspired by AnthonyDodMantle’s work.(Fair, 2006) Another novelty that is emerging is the documentary genre. Many documentaries are taking greater advantage of DV than drama. The box office successes such as ‘Iraq In Fragments’ illustrate the true ability of shooting quickly in difficult locations. Another major advancement in filmography thanks to digital technologies was made when there was the birth of drones. These flying robot cameras represent a huge saving for productions that are seeking images from high in the sky, with a cost as low as one third of the cost of traditional transport like helicopters. (Fair, 2006) Post- Production In the post-production section of filmography digital non-linear editing gave a new aspect to video editing, in much the same way you can edit a word document. This is why post-production was one of the main areas which embraced digital technology. Surely it has impacted the creative control in such a way that a scene can be cut and re-cut continuously without making any damage to the film stock and also without major expenses. Non-linear editing is not the only part that was established but one of the greatest improvements is Computer Generated Image (CGI) effects and animation. In the article by Corliss, Stephan Spielberg is quoted stating that one of the advantages of CGI is that now directors have the ability to follow their imagination. It is because of speed and the economic impact that digital cameras are preferred over traditional cameras. DigitalDistribution New technologies are effecting the distribution of films in a way that nowadays people can view films on portable devices anywhere in the world. Films can be uploaded and watched at the user’s discretion. The user can pay for films and download them off the internet although this advance is also giving the ability for users to download films illegally, free of cost. But although all these improvements in how one can see a film are taking place, the most popular way to view a new film is still the cinema. This might be because of the new equipment that cinemas are investing in so as to give the viewer a true experience.(Anthony, 2012). DigitalProjection As oppose to celluloid prints which are damaged every time they are used for projection and are often ruined after a couple of uses, digital film is transported to the cinema on a hard drivewhich is then uploaded onto the digital projector an could stay there for several weeks. Digital prints have made it possible that new films can be projected at the cinemas around the world mostly at same time because digital prints are cheaper to duplicate than celluloid prints. Another advantage of digital projection is that it can be used for more than one form of entertainment, that is, it can also be used to display sporting events, opera, musical shows and much more. Such showings change the whole meaning of cinema because it could bring different costumers to the cinema.Around 60% of all cinema screens worldwide in 2012 were converted to digital projection from the tradition film. More than half of these cinemas offer 3D projections and by the end of 2015 almost every cinema screen will be digital. Regarding 3D projections there are multiple instances where this sector is still evolving thanks to innovation. An example is the abolishment of the 3D chunky glasses. Thanks toâ€Å"lenticular lens technology†that is, bumpy screens that redirect light to each eye, allows us to process two different images at the same time (the way we do in real life), which gives the perception of depth. A second solution is theâ€Å"parallax barrier†.This technique uses a device which is set right in front aliquid crystal display, to allow it to show astereoscopic imagewithout the need for the viewer to wear3D glasses. Two main companies, Toshiba and Sony has already started working on these 2 technologies and in 2009, Fujifilm released theFujifilm FinePix Real 3D W1digital camera, which features a built-in auto stereoscopic LCD display measuring 2.8 diagonal.(Anon, 2015) Although 4D-cinema is already something in the years it is expected to continue developing. Seats in 4D venues may move during the screening according to the scene being shown. Physical effects such as rain, water, wind and even smell might be simulated in 4D and this is even backed with a special sound system allowing the audience to reach maximum immersion in what is happening on the screen. Whilst in our rapidly changing world we have doubts about what is here to stay, it would be reasonable to say that digital technology is the present and is likely to be present as well in the future. We cannot say how it will evolve, but evolving technologies will without any hesitation continue to make an effect upon the creative industries especially on filmography. References Pinder, M., 2010. How will developments within digital technologies affect the Creative Industries?. [Online] Available at: http://www.mikepinder.co.uk/research/phd-research/195-how-will-developments-within-digital-technologies-affect-the-creative-industries.html [Accessed 28 April 2015]. Lhooq, M., 2012. 9 Mind-Blowing Technologies Changing The Film Industrys Future. [Online] Available at: http://thecreatorsproject.vice.com/en_au/blog/9-mind-blowing-technologies-changing-the-film-industry’s-future2 [Accessed 28 April 2015]. Corliss, R., 2006. Can This Man Save The Movies? (Again?). [Online] Available at: http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1172229,00.html [Accessed 28 April 2015]. Fair, J., 2006. The Impact of Digital Technology upon the Filmmaking Production Process. [Online] Available at: https://the72project.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/thesis.pdf?session-id=6b8246ad01cd6bba198fa4b51f508a5f [Accessed 28 April 2015]. Anthony, S., 2012. How digital technology is reinventing cinema. [Online] Available at: http://www.extremetech.com/extreme/128963-how-digital-technology-is-reinventing-cinema [Accessed 28 April 2015]. Anon, 2011. Digital Cinema, Distribution and Exhibition. [Online] Available at: http://www.mediastudentsbook.com/content/digital-cinema-distribution-and-exhibition [Accessed 4 April 2015].

Realisations of direct object :: essays research papers fc

In this essay I would like to focus on the possible realisations of a direct object. At the beginning I will try to explain what an object is. I want to make clear difference between direct and indirect objects and I will also write about some other clausal elements which influence objects. Generally, we can distinguish five basic elements within a sentence: subject, verb, complement and object. Let’s imagine we have a sentence in which there is involved some action. If the action or event involves another person or thing which the action affects, relates to or produces, we express it by placing a nominal group referring to them directly after the verbal group (verb). This is called direct object (I-subject- don’t like- verbal group- Jack.-object realised by a nominal group). Clauses which contain a direct object are called transitive clauses. Verbs contained in these clauses which are followed by direct object are called transitive verbs. Direct object is the most frequent kind of object and if there is an indirect object in the sentence, there must be a direct object as well (but there are some exceptions from this rule). An object (both direct and indirect) can be also described as a noun phrase or clause with nominal function which follows subject and predicator (verbal group). For distinguishing objects it is necessary to know that by being made passive they assume the role of subject. Objects can be realised by a nominal group or by finite clauses. The finite clauses can be further divided into â€Å"that† clauses and â€Å"wh-â€Å"clauses. Other way of realising objects are non- finite clauses. We distinguish two types of them: â€Å"to infinitive† clauses and â€Å"-ing† clauses. The example of a direct object realised by a nominal group can be: The police (subject) caught (verb) the murderer (direct object). Direct objects realised by pronouns belong to this category as well. Pronoun is considered to be a nominal group. We use so called object pronouns in these sentences. Object pronouns are: me, us, you, him, her, it and them. Example of such realisation is: Jack (subject) couldn’t find (verb) them (object realised by a pronoun). Usage of â€Å"that† clauses depends on the verb in the preceding clause. Verbs which are often followed by â€Å"that† clause can be divided into verbs of knowing and perceiving (believe, imagine, find, realise, see) - I believe that the situation will improve soon.

Marketing Plan Proposal Essay

I will develop a marketing plan for my company’s new product, the â€Å"Walker Photo Display & Storage Solutions† product I will introduce on the global market next year sometime. The â€Å"Walker Photo Display & Storage Solutions† product will allow any kind of loose photographs to be easily displayed in a collage format on any bare wall anywhere. It will include a divided safe storage box designed to protect loose photographs from damaging light, chemicals and rough handling to name a few things! I think my target audience is teenage boys and girls, male & female college students, educators, homemakers, business owners, retired folk, hobbyists, collectors and basically anyone that has a need and desire to do something with the piles of loose photographs we all have laying around the house! I will directly market to pre-teen and teenage kids, college students and their faculty members, housewives and husbands, law enforcement, real estate, the entertainment industry, businesses and numerous other identified and yet to be identified markets! I have perceived there was a need to create something specific, simple, durable, easy to use, inexpensive, customizable and practical to display and store all the loose photographs I had laying around and the ones I saw elsewhere laying around, unseen, decomposing and being neglected. I had taped loose photographed to my wall on occasion in a sort of collage formation, but it looked kind of cheesy, so I felt I could create something cool to display and store them in! After a few years of random survey’s with various people from all walks of life, I found my perception to be correct, that there was indeed a genuine need for my invention, and it appeared there was a vast global market for it! Creating this product so it can be easily ordered, customized and received will be a bit of a challenge, but one that I believe is well worth taking. I am very passionate about my new product that will be distributed from my new company, â€Å"DoakUnlimited.llc†. So, it is my intention to solve the decades old question & dilemma of what to do with all the millions and millions of loose photographs lying around in drawers, shoeboxes and elsewhere!

Railway Signalling Using Wireless Sensor Networks

Railway Signalling Using Wireless Sensor Networks Free Online Research Papers Railway Signalling is safety critical domain, where still traditional technology is in use. There are many reasons for using traditional technology; one of the main reasons being the proven Safety performance of the older systems (Relay Based). As the rail traffic is increasing and with higher speed of trains there is an acute need for modernization of Railway Signalling Technology. Even with the advent of Microprocessor based technology, the problems have not been solved. This article proposes the use of Wireless sensor networks in Railway Signaling domain which combines the Ground base signalling and the On–Board Signalling, which is suitable for high Speed Railway Traffic. The article gives brief idea of the architectures of a Sensor Node, Driver node, Gateway Node and Base Station. It discusses the network Architectures and the Routing algorithms to be used in the sensor networks. It also discusses the design of Control laws (Interlocking Logic) for safe movement of trains and also the failsafe techniques to be used in the design of such Technology. It also describes the challenges in using the Concept of Wireless Sensor Networks in Railway Signalling Domain. Research Papers on Railway Signalling Using Wireless Sensor NetworksBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfOpen Architechture a white paperPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Project Managment Office SystemEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoGenetic EngineeringIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe

Direct and Indirect Essay Example

Direct and Indirect Essay Example Direct and Indirect Paper Direct and Indirect Paper Topic: Direct and Indirect Speech We may report the words of a speaker in two ways:- (i). we may quote his actual words. This is called Direct Speech. (ii). We may report what he said without quoting his exact words. This is called Indirect Speech. For example: Direct:Ahmed said, â€Å"I am very busy now†. Indirect:Ahmed said that he was busy then. Direct Speech is that form of narration in which the actual words of a speaker are reported. It may be divided into two parts: the reported speech, i. e. the actual words of the speaker (its VERB is called Reported Verb); and the reporting speech, i. . the introductory words added to the reported speech (its VERB is called Reporting Verb). The reported speech is marked off by inverted commas. The reporting speech comes before or after the commas. Indirect Speech is that form of speech in which what one speaker says is reported by another with utmost accuracy but without using his actual words. It will be noticed that in Direct Speec h, we use inverted commas to mark off the exact words of the speaker. In Indirect Speech we do not. It will be further noticed that in changing the above Direct Speech into Indirect certain changes have been made.Thus: (i). we have used the conjunction that before the Indirect statement. (ii). The pronoun I is changed to he. (The 1st Person Pronoun is changed into 3rd Person Pronoun). (iii). The verb am is changed to was . (Present Tense is changed to Past). (iv). The adverb now is changed to then. 1. ASSERTIVE SENTENCES Definition: An assertive sentence makes a positive (Affirmative), negative or forceful statement. For example: 1. Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan. (Affirmative or positive) 2. Death is not the end of life. (Negative) 3. She did go to school. (Emphatic) or forceful statement.When Assertive Sentence is changed from the Direct into the Indirect Speech, all changes explained earlier take place. EXAMPLES: in the REPORTED SPEECH are also changed, when a sentence is changed from the Direct into the Indirect Speech. | | | | |Sr. No. |Words in Reported Speech |Changed into Indirect Speech | |1 |This |That | |2 |These |Those | |3 |Here |There | |4 |Now Then | |5 |Today |That day | |6 |Tonight |That night | |7 |Yesterday |The previous (last) day | |8 |Tomorrow |The next (following) day | |9 |Last night |The previous night | |10 |Ago |Before | |11 |Thus |So | |12 |Sir or madam |Respectfully | |13 |Good morning , good evening, good noon or good day |Greeted | |14 |Words like â€Å"well†, â€Å"all right,† â€Å"yes†, â€Å"hullo† and | | | |â€Å"no† are omitted. | | EXAMPLES: | | | | |Sr. No. DIRECT SPEECH |INDIRECT SPEECH | |1 |She says, â€Å"I do not like this dress† |She says that she does not like that dress. | |2 |He will say, â€Å"My father has bought these books for me. |He will say that his father has bought those books for him. | |3 |The lion said to the fox, â€Å"Many animals come here every d ay. † |The lion said to the fox that many animals came there every day. | |4 |The teacher said to us, â€Å"It is 9 o’clock by my watch now. † |The teacher said to us that it was 9 o’clock by his watch then. | |5 |The monitor says to the teacher, â€Å"Sir, the bell has gone. †

Medicare Part A and Part B Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Medicare Part A and Part B - Essay Example To reflect this fact, all the calculations found below will have to incorporate a value (the national large urban standardized amount and the labor related large urban standardized amount, for example) to correctly calculate the claims. There is also a geographic cost adjustment factor, which in this case needs to be relevant to San Francisco, which needs to be incorporated into calculations to ensure that the costs incurred by Medicare are relevant to the treatment area in which the patient lives. Of course, the wages received in this area will be different to in other areas of the US and these are also incorporated into the federal operating payment incurred. The skilled nursing facility is also in this area and thus will be subject to the same kind of geographic adjustment as the General Hospital claim. In this case, San Francisco is one of the more expensive areas of the US in which to be treated (Medicare, 2010) and as such the costs will reflect this fact and may seem excessive to someone receiving the same treatment in a rural area in a smaller hospital. Firstly, the federal operating payment with IME and DSH needed to be calculated.

Law of tort (problem question) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Law of tort (problem question) - Essay Example Kevin Browning was drunk or drinking while driving and he should take all the liabilities that followed the accident. Following the police investigation, Kelvin knocked Laura Coombs on the pavement as opposed to on the road. However, he claims that he will not take full responsibilities of the ill health of Robert, whose health deteriorated because of witnessing accident since Robert did not actually see the accident happen. Moreover, according to Norris J. Roberts will not be compensated since he did not have any relationship with Laura. Additionally, Kelvin is appealing the cause not to take any liability of Laura’s mother’s ill health following the death of her daughter facilitated by kelvin’s reckless driving. According to Kelvin, Clare was not at the scene of accident; thus, she is not a witness to the accident. Moreover, she did not see the major body parts of Laura, so she cannot give accounts of what the accident did to her daughter. It is also worth stat ing that there is not point she appeared shocked on learning that her daughter got involved in an accident and subsequent death. Clare suffered health problems following the death of her daughter and demands that Kelvin should take of her psychiatric medical bills among other attached responsibilities a crewed by the same. Law: The laws to be regarded in this case are those that are related to the road accident and to what extent should be the accused (Kelvin) should be responsible to the persons affected following the accident. Application: In this case, Kelvin is noted to have problems or have refused to take care of duty owing to the psychiatric harm he caused to both Jack and Clare. Additionally, Norris J. also, for the first time, dismissed Jack’s claims that the accident and subsequent death of Laura had led to his health problem. According to Norris, Jack is not in any way a primary victim of circumstances. Moreover, he lacked all grounds that Jack could be treated as a secondary victim. Law: However, according to the Road Traffic Accident, any witness who suffers any recognizable psychiatric disorder including post stress disorder due to the accident can file claims for damages for persons that have caused the accident. Application: In this case, it is a fact that Jack has suffered psychiatric disorder following the death of Laura from the accident caused by Kelvin1. Therefore, it would be prudent if Kelvin pay all the damages caused on Jack following the accident and death of the Laura. If such is considered, the Jack will be treated a road traffic accident witness. Notably, had it not for the death, it can never be ascertained beyond any reasonable doubt that Jack could have suffered such health problems. When Jack went out and saw what happened to Laura, he might have suffered from nervous shock. Jack’s case can be related to the Hambrook v Stoke2 and or Bros Dulieu v White3 cases where in both cases, the victims were awarded the damag es caused to them by accidents they witnessed. Just like it may be in any other case that nature of Jack’s injury was reasonably foreseeable and was never in any case caused by his own negligence. He had to have been in the scene of accident by the virtue that Laura was her partner, she came to his place, and by his own doorsteps, the accident happened. Therefore, he had to be there and follow her to the hospital4. Therefore, if Norris never wants to compel Kelvin to pay all health damages he has went through

Small business fianical assignment Setting up a Business

Small business fianical Setting up a Business - Assignment Example With a population density of 1,419 people per square kilometer, the retail store will be run by 14 members of staff (10 employees and 4 directors). Such a team of dedicated employees will ensure that all the needs of the prospective customers are catered for. Customer loyalty will be maintained for future plans of expanding the business into a corporation. As a small business, the registration requirements are minimal. We will have to apply for a business license from the Municipal Government. The business license would ascertain that our business is legitimate and acceptable by the national government (Morris, p. 27). All the inventory items will be taxed under the Harmonized Sales Tax (HST) requirements for all sales in Canada. All goods have indirect tax attached to their price. As a small business, our liability to the HST requirements will be through the indirect tax imposed on all goods. However, the tax burden will be passed to the final consumers of the goods and services. They will have to cater for the indirect tax burden through the price charged. The municipal government will require that we pay monthly municipal tax. Such a tax is a requirement for all businesses. The tax will be used to cater for the well-being of the municipality. The fresh farm produce will be inspected by the public health department to ensure that the food commodities are fit for consumption. We will be required to have a certificate of quality check from the same department. If the business were a corporation, there would be significant set-up and filing changes as required by the central government. Setting up a corporation would require the following documents (Morris, p. 95); The corporation will be required to fill tax returns forms. All the sales that the corporation will make will be taxed according to the Harmonized Sales Tax requirements in Canada. In addition, the corporation will be required to fill the following

Summary of the Civil War Essay Example for Free

Summary of the Civil War Essay Fought 1861-1865, the American Civil War was the result of decades of sectional tensions between the North and South. Focused on slavery and states rights, these issues came to a head following the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860. Over the next several months eleven southern states seceded and formed the Confederate States of America. During the first two years of the war, Southern troops won numerous victories but saw their fortunes turn after losses at Gettysburg and Vicksburg in 1863. From then on, Northern forces worked to conqueror the South, forcing them to surrender in April 1865. Causes Secession: The roots of the Civil War can be traced to increasing differences between North and South and their growing divergence as the 19th century progressed. Chief among the issues were expansion of slavery into the territories, the Souths declining political power, states rights, and the retention of slavery. Though these issues had existed for decades, they exploded in 1860 following the election of Abraham Lincoln who was against the spread of slavery. As the result of his election, South Carolina, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas seceded from the Union. Fort Sumter First Bull Run: On April 12, 1861, the war began hen the South opened fire on Fort forcing its surrender. In response to the attack, President Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers to suppress the rebellion. While Northern states responded quickly, Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas refused, opting to join the Confederacy instead. Union forces commanded began marching south to take the rebel capital of Richmond. On the 21st, they met a Confederate army near Manassas and were defeated. War in the East, 1862-1863: Following the defeat at Bull Run, Gen. In early 1862, they shifted the army south to attack Richmond. He was defeated and forced to retreat after the Seven Days Battles. The rise of Robert E. Lee to the command of Confederate forces in the East. Shortly thereafter, a second Union army was defeated by Lee at the Second Battle of Bull Run. Lee began to move north into Maryland. McClellan was sent to intercept and met Lee at Antietam. Despite having a larger force and knowledge of Lees positions, McClellan was overcautious and failed to achieve a decisive victory. The win at Antietam permitted Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed slaves in the South and altered the Unions war aims. Union engaged Lee near Chancellorsville. Though outnumbered 2-to-1, Lee outmaneuvered them and forced them to retreat. War in the West, 1861-1863: In February 1862, forces under Gen. Grant captured Forts Henry Donelson. Two months later he defeated a Confederate army at Shiloh. Union naval forces captured New Orleans. To the east, Confederate attempted to invade Kentucky, but was repelled at Perryville. He was beaten again at Stones River. Grant now focused his attention on capturing Vicksburg and opening the Mississippi River. After a false start, his troops swept through Mississippi and laid siege to the town in1863. Turning Points Gettysburg Vicksburg: 1863, Lee began to move north towards Pennsylvania with Union troops in pursuit. Following the defeat at Chancellorsville, Lincoln turned to Gen. George Meade to take over the Army of the Potomac. Elements of the two armies clashed at Gettysburg. After three days of heavy fighting, Lee was defeated and forced to retreat. Grant successfully concluded the siege of Vicksburg, opening the Mississippi to shipping and cutting the South in two. Combined these victories were the beginning of the end for the Confederacy. War in the West, 1863-1865: In summer 1863, Union troops advanced into Georgia and were defeated at Chickamauga. Fleeing north, they were besieged at Chattanooga. Grant was ordered to save the situation and did so winning victories at Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge. War in the East, 1863-1865: 1864, Grant came east to deal with Lee. Despite heavy casualties, Grant pressed south, fighting at Spotsylvania and Cold Harbor. Unable to get through Lees army to Richmond, Grant attempted to cut the city off by taking Petersburg. Lee arrived first and a siege began. Lee was forced to evacuate the city and retreat west, allowing Grant to take Richmond. On April 9, Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House. Aftermath Casualties: On April 14, five days after Lees surrender, President Lincoln was assassinated. The assassin, John Wilkes Booth, was killed by Union troops. Lincolns death cast a pall across the nation and elevated Vice President Andrew Johnson to the presidency. With the end of fighting a period known as Reconstruction began, with Union troops occupying Southern states and overseeing their gradual reintegration into the Union. Following the war, three amendments were added to the Constitution: * 13th: Abolished slavery * 14th: Extension of legal protection regardless of race * 15th: Abolished all racial restrictions on voting

Practitioner roles in supporting learning through play

Practitioner roles in supporting learning through play This essay will identify how adults can support learning through play and will analyse the value of this approach. It will consider historical and current perspectives of child development. The key areas of discussion will be learning through role play and supporting children with additional needs. It will recognise the importance of symbolic play, contingent response and the use of sustained shared thinking. Historically children were perceived in different ways, from evil and wicked to innocent and easily corrupted. Childhood has been constructed and reconstructed. (James Prout 1997:7) The behaviourist approach, views the child as a blank slate conditioned through external factors and places an emphasis on step by step learning. Psychologists such as Watson and Skinner considered children to learn by experiences given by adults to shape or mould them. Practitioners need to explain the boundaries for behaviour to children for them to encourage self control and enable them to think about their behaviour. Giving time out has been seen to discourage this. (Bruce 2005:47) The Nativist approach believes that children are pre programmed and will unfold in their development. (Bruce 2005:3) This approach sees the adult role as a facilitator offering help but not controlling learning. Rousseaus approach can be seen in todays view of adults observing and monitoring the early learning goals. He suggested that play was instinctive. The interactionist approach views children as partly pre programmed and partly blank slates. Kant originated this approach, and believed the adults role in supporting learning was to provide a suitable learning environment to explore. He also states that adults should supervise and assist when required. This view can be seen through the curriculum today which offers both adult led and child led activities. The importance of interactions between children and adults, through sustained shared thinking, is highlighted in projects like EPPE (2003) as discussed in child and childhoods. The different approaches discussed can be seen to have had an impact in practice throughout todays education, it is important that practitioners have a good knowledge of these approaches in order to understand how best to support learning. Historically all children play unless there are factors that prevent them from doing so, such as childrens health or living conditions. During the 18th Century children were sent to work, so would have had little time to play, however, this does not mean they did not. Play in the 1920s was a form of relaxation which was considered to be practice for life. (Bruce 2005). More recent thinking understands play as problem solving and creativity. Play underpins the delivery of the statutory framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage, which aims to help children achieve the five Every Child Matters outcomes of staying safe, being healthy, enjoying and achieving, making a positive contribution and achieving economic well being. (Dfes 2007:7) It suggests the role of the practitioner is one of observing and using the information gained to plan for childrens next steps in learning. Children need a challenging and interesting environment with a balance of adult led and child initiated activities, in order to problem solve and investigate through their play. It is the practitioners role to create and maintain this environment so that children develop their communication and creative skills. Childrens achievements are collected over time and learning diaries are produced, unlike the EYFS profiles (2003) these diaries have no emphasis put on testing children. Montessoris approach values the child, the environment and the teacher. She believed children were spontaneous learners needing adult support during periods of development. She stated the adults role was to ensure that the environment provides for the developmental needs of each individual child; observation serves as the key tool for establishing these developmental needs (Isaacs 2007:13) She believed in scaffolding childrens learning. In her opinion the role of the adult was to consider health and safety in the provision and to provide defined spaces for learning experiences and problem solving activities. She considered the child could lose their freedom if adults were too communicative with them. She stated that practitioners needed to have a sound understanding of child development and an ability to understand the need for real life experiences. Although her approach gives time for children to explore with little adult intervention she considered play to be unnecessary, believing toys were tools to enable learning. Her approach however, contrasts with the views of the EYFS, which states the importance of learning through play and the significance of social interactions between adults and children. Bruner suggests that good practitioners tune into the incipient intention of the child and act accordingly. (Bruce 2001:53) suggesting the childs developing plan or aim should be observed and then supported and encouraged. He values play and considers that when children play with other children this emphasises the importance of social and emotional well being and interactions. He stresses the importance of turn taking and social rules. He states that in a role play situation children are able to use problem solving and increase in language acquisition. He experimented using two groups; one being taught, the other playing and concluded that the group allowed to play outperformed the taught group as they were able to explore and problem solve. He views the adult role as scaffolding the child through their development by starting where the child is and supporting them to move on. A more recent view by Moyles (2001) considers there are emotional, physical and intellectual values in supporting learning through play. She describes four principles of play, as being functional, constructive, rule governed and socio-dramatic. In a recent study she found that effective practitioners are able to use their knowledge to support childrens learning by building on what children can do and by evaluating the process of observations and planning for next steps. She states that children should be supported in their play and practitioners should value the input by parents. It is important to be clear that play is not in place of planning, or indeed an easy option. Teachers TV discusses how practitioners should inform parents about the importance of play and how childrens learning can be supported. Practitioners need to communicate with children in ways they understand, if children feel secure and relaxed they will become active learners who develop independence. Adult support in Early Years education is important in that it may be the first time a child has played alongside others, Key people offer support to children and their families during their time at pre schools and work in partnership to inform planning and extend a childs interests and learning. The 1967 Plowden report considers the individual child and building on what they already know and understand. It states practitioners should have a flexible approach to the curriculum and monitor the environment. It states that play is central to childrens growth and development. The report is critical of testing and figures, stating not assume that only what is measurable is valuable. However, in 1976 the curriculum was shaped by political forces which discarded the child centred opinion of the Plowden report. The Thatcher years produced good test results in schools and with it the added pressures from OFSTED to use league tables and highlight results. New labour continued with this by introducing the literacy and numeracy hour. It was not until 20 years later that child centred education was highlighted again. The Rumbold report (Des 1990) states play as being an important part in childrens learning, and states that practitioners need to be sensitive and know when to intervene and become involved in childrens play. It states that children should be given time to play. Practitioners should watch children and use these observations to inform planning for assessment and extend learning. (Macleod-Brudenell 2004:227) In order to achieve this, the adult needs to plan the environment so children can explore, practice ideas, interact, take risks, think imaginatively, express anxieties or fears and communicate with others. Steiner considers the whole child, and believes that an important factor in childrens development is the social interactions children have with others. Through play he believes children can develop their feelings and ideas and make good relationships with others. He believes the adult should be supportive and not to use play as a tool to get a pre determined outcome as it will de prive children of freedom to choose open ended creative play. He states the adults role is to teach by example not instruction. Froebel considered the natural, spiritual, emotional and intellectual aspects of child development and states the important factor is to begin where the learner is (Bruce 2005 :26) He believed that through play the adult can observe what is needed to support and extend learning. However, Froebels work could be criticised because he limited his research to boys. He states that play is central to pedagogy. Froebel made a distinction between play and work and considers play is what children are involved in when they initiate the task and work is what they do when they fulfil a task required by an adult (Bruce 2005:19) Which shows that when a child is asked to do complete something by an adult, it means the child loses possession of their original idea. Role play can happen anywhere and is unrestrictive and impulsive. It is important for children to be able to imitate and explore the world around them. Children can be imaginative and creative in their play and escape into fantasy worlds. Children interact with each other and often play above their actual age, as suggested by Vygotsky. (MacLeod-Brudenell 2004:213) Practitioners should offer props to promote role play and through observing and supporting will have an understanding of when to become involved in their play. Inclusive practice involves practitioners offering ideas and asking open ended questions to extend childrens learning, communication and language skills. Research shows that sustained shared thinking is important in extending childrens learning and by practitioners having a special partnership with children in their settings. (EYFS 4.3) Therefore in order for the children to learn through role play adults need to respect and value the childrens play and consider the childs ideas and interests. As Inclusion is paramount to practice practitioners should be aware of discriminatory play and intervene sensitively if encountered. Sustained shared thinking is the process of working together to develop ideas and enable children to make connections in their learning. By using sustained shared thinking in play the adult can support the childs thought process. Through an awareness of the childs interests the practitioner can offer encouragement and ask open ended questions to support and extend learning. Piaget, a constructivist, considered how children played for enjoyment, and believed children assimilate or incorporate new knowledge with what they already know. This absorbing of experiences is described as schema, where patterns of repeated behaviour help the child learn. He believed children had to work through stages to learn, where they could experiment and explore. He suggested older children no longer need play as have developed abstract thinking. This view can be seen in todays education associated with key stages, where more emphasis has been given to play in the Early Years Foundation Stage. The National curriculum and EYFS reflect the Governments strategies to enable all children to access a relevant and balanced curriculum. (Moyles 2007:4) Since 1995 the law states children have to be assessed at age 7 and aged 11 and throughout the Early Years practitioners complete assessment files based on the early learning goals. Learning matters criticises Piagets approach by stating he may have lacked knowledge of the social impact, as children who are from different cultures, gender, race or social classes may need help to learn. Recent research into perspectives used in Early Years education has shown that there is a significant lack of information concerning learning through a childs viewpoint. Lindon, (2001) states practitioners should value the opinions of children and be more receptive to their views. More recent thinking by Chris Athey (1990) a constructivist, considers that schemas help children think for themselves and can be used to support and extend learning through play. She states practitioners should work in partnership with parents in sharing experiences and childrens interests. She believes children are active learners. http://www.nurseryworld.co.uk/news/719740/Train-thought (15/1/10) Vygotskys zone of proximal development considered that in play children behave beyond their age. He believed children learn more from child initiated play as he believed children set their own levels in control of learning (Bruce 2005: 64). He understood the need for an environment that had clear boundaries for children, with adults who respond effectively and help children to think for themselves. He suggests play to have the skills children need to reach their potential. He believes children acquire language and learn through role play and through social and cultural interactions, stating the role of the adult is through guidance. Learning matters is critical of Vygotsky s views of zones as they consider them to be vague in their definitions. It is understood that the zones describe the adults role in supporting and extending what the child can do. Research has shown that children develop through adults interacting with them. Adults can support learning through contingent response where adults react sensitively to childrens behaviour. Children are seen to benefit from the social and emotional contacts with adults. Practitioners should actively respond to childrens positive behaviour and play giving praise and approval. Through the use of books, media and use appropriate language and communication practitioners support play and extend learning. It has been suggested by Postman that Childhood is disappearing, children have less freedom and less places to play. TV and computer technology has advanced and children are encouraged by their parents to stay in because of parental fear for their childrens safety. However, the Governments play strategy intends to improve and develop play facilities throughout the country. Practitioners should observe and use their knowledge to plan and provide for all individual children. Children who have any additional need which may include disability or a condition that affects their learning or development may need extra help within the provision. The Childrens Act of 1989 discusses that practitioners need to identify in need children, support their development and enable all children to participate in all areas within the provision. (Bruce 2005:40). The Act states that, children in need be categorised according to their specific needs. Early years Action is based on existing knowledge within the provision. If external support is needed the child is considered to be Early Years Action Plus. Therefore, practitioners need to be able to identify and support children. Individual play plans are useful in considering intended learning objectives and desired outcomes over a short period. Through play, practitioners can identify a childs interests, adapt the environment and modify activities to support the child. With support from parents the childs development can be monitored and reviewed. It is important to monitor and evaluate the curriculum linking this with childrens individual progress. Practitioners support children by formative assessment, whereby they collect information about individual children over a period of time, and summative assessment where they bring everything learnt about each child and decide on their next steps in learning. It is important that practitioners working with other professionals communicate and share information regarding children with additional needs. Children with Autism need more adult support within a provision to enable them to learn through play. The practitioner can use symbolic play to help the child develop skills needed to extend learning, as children with autism do not tend to use pretend play they use functional or repetitive play. The adults role is very important in helping the child to focus and become motivated. The practitioner can teach social skills by involving other children in play. It is important that practitioners offer resources that promote symbolic play throughout the provision. Play therapists use symbolic play to help children cope with fears or problems, as they are able to express feelings. Research evidence shows that childrens level of involvement in an activity is an indicator of their current levels of learning and development. (Moyles 2006) However, it is important that information is collected by multiple professionals before any judgements are made. The reflective practitioner considered how an over stimulating environment as stated by Elizabeth Jarman has an adverse effect on childrens learning. Therefore practitioners need to provide an environment that is accessible for all children and is interesting and enjoyable. Through quality improvement the provision is monitored and checked to see if the Every Child Matters outcomes are covered in planning. Practitioners who regularly reflect on practice and keep up to date with research can make improvements to how observations and planning is done and therefore extend childrens learning and development through play. Recent studies have shown how observations are useful in interpreting behaviours and understanding interests. (Maynard 2009:207) It considered what children like to explore and time spent at activities, as well as the social interactions and attachments made. Although target setting and literacy and numeracy strategies have meant there are more pressures put on teaching staff and children, it has been researched that less emphasis should be put on measurable results, tick charts and making children complete activities to get results. Practitioners now observe and use these observations to inform individual planning to extend a childs learning through play. Good quality teaching occurs when there is a good knowledge of how to observe play, knowing when to intervene and how to interact to extend learning. Through quality improvement the provision is monitored to make sure the Every Child Matters Outcomes are covered in planning. In conclusion play and the adults role in supporting learning through play has extremely important benefits for childrens happiness, physical, cognitive and social development. Childcare settings should be welcoming, have sufficient resources, practitioners should be good role models and allow children time for uninterrupted play. (Bruce 2001) Research has shown that interrupting childrens play affects cooperation and social interactions. (Broadhead 2004:3) Play can happen anywhere and is unrestrictive and impulsive. Children concentrate for long periods in their play, if given time to do so. Through play children can relax and let their imaginations create anything they choose. It is known children are active learners, who learn best when allowed to become deeply involved in their chosen activities. To become independent learners practitioners should let children investigate and problem solve for themselves. (Whitebread 2003:17) With highly qualified and experienced practitioners guiding and supporting them they can experiment and develop skills needed to help them move on in their learning. Practitioners should be good role models as suggested by Owen, who nurture children and provide a stimulating environment which is free flow. Trained practitioners are aware of the individual needs of the children in their care and understand the importance of play based learning. It is therefore, the role of the practitioner to plan, support, intervene when necessary and extend childrens learning. (Macleod-Brudenell 2004:50) Practitioners who regularly monitor the provision reflect upon theories and choose which seem fit for purpose as they extend learning as learning matters describes, practitioners should consider sometimes pointing out new horizons, sometimes setting a challenge, sometimes gently guiding and sometimes leaving well alone Therefore, the practitioner has multiple roles in supporting learning through play. They are described as being facilitators enabling learning to happen. They scaffold and support learning and development. They provide an encouraging environment for learning to occur and are able to adapt responsively to the needs of individual children. However, they should have regard for maintaining a balance of adult and child led activities. It is important for practitioners to understand how children learn and the significance of theoretical approaches. They should also realise the importance of emphasising play.

Essay on The Awakening -- Chopin Awakening Essays

Critical Views of The Awakening      Ã‚  Ã‚   The Awakening, written by Kate Chopin, is full of ideas and understanding about human nature. In Chopin's time, writing a story with such great attention to sensual details in both men and women caused skepticism among readers and critics. However, many critics have different views with deeper thought given to The Awakening. Symbolism, the interpretation of Edna's suicide, and awakenings play important roles in the analysis of all critics.    Symbolism in The Awakening is interpreted in many ways. It is important to understand the meaning of each explanation of symbolism given by every critic to fully appreciate the novel. Art, for example, becomes a symbol of both freedom and failure(Wyatt). It is through the process of trying to become an artist that Edna reaches the highest point of her awakening(Wyatt). Clothes are also significant in discovering symbolism. When Edna is first introduced she is fully dressed. Gradually, she disrobes until finally she goes into the water to die, completely naked. Her undressing symbolizes the shedding of societal rules in her life, her growing awakening, and it stresses her physical and external self(Wyatt). Two modern critics, Neal Wyatt and Harold Bloom, agree that Edna is symbolized for her "quest for self-discovery or self-hood." Edna feels caged, which makes her quest very difficult. The use of birds in the story helps the reader understand Edna's feeling of entrapment and the inab ility to communicate(Wyatt). Much like the shedding of clothes, birds symbolize freedom and escape from being caged. The ability to spread your wings and fly is a symbolic theme that occurs often in the novel(Wyatt).    Many readers do not like the ending... ...r that many people of her time found unladylike or even perverted. However, as time has passed and readers as well as critics find it easier to talk about sensual emotions, Chopin is now known as one of the most respected and brilliant writers that ever lived. Women had the feelings she wrote about and life was as discriminating as she described it, but only Kate Chopin had the courage to tell about it. Critics have given deep thought to The Awakening and with each analysis one reads, comes a new and unique awakening.    Works Cited Gilbert, Sandra J.   "The Novel of the Awakening."   Bloom, Harold, ed. Modern Critical Views: The Awakening, Kate Chopin Rosowski, Sandra M. "The Second Coming of Aphrodite."   Bloom, Harold, ed. Modern Critical Views:   Kate Chopin; Chelsea House :   New York,   1987. Wyatt, Neal. "Suicide". http.//www.vcu.edu/engweb/eng384